Thursday, 28 November 2024

An end of language model. sekinanmodel. Lang Model 2012

 Thursday, 19 December 2019

An end of language model
sekinanmodel
Lang Model 2012


Lang Model


1. Lang conjecture (S.Lang 1974)
Algebraic field F ( finite dimensional overfield over ) is defined over projective algebraic variety V.
For a certain embedding F -> C, V is seen that V is seen as complex projective algebraic variety.
If V is Kobayashi hyperbolic, V ( F ) is finite set.
2. Shafarevich conjecture ( I.Shafarevich 1963)
F is algebraic field.
OF is integer ring of F
.
Finite subset  and integer  are fixed.
When the upper conditions are satisfied, g dimensional Abelian variety over F and genius g's algebraic curves that degenerate in only S at most only exist finite number.
3. Interpretation
3.1 Finiteness of words by Shafarevich conjecture
Language := F
Sentence := OF
Word := S
Word's dimension := g
Word's meaning := genius g's algebraic curves
3.2 Grammar (Connection of words) by Lang conjecture
Language := F
Grammar (Words' connection rule) := Kobayashi hyperbolicity
4. References
4.1 On dimension and meaning
Quantum Theory for Language 2004
4.2 On Kobayashi hyperbolicity
Ditance Theory 2004
From Distance to Pseudo-Kobayashi-Distance 2012

This paper's description is unfinished.
Tokyo
17 June 2012


    Read more: https://srfl-paper.webnode.com/news/an-end-of-language-model-sekinanmodel-lang-model-2012/

    Derived Category Language 1-3 and Related Papers



    Derived Category Language 1
        Karcevskij conjecture 1928 and Kawamata conjecture 2002
        Additional meaning and embedding

    Derived Category Language 2
        Language stability and triangulated category

     Derived Category Language 3
        Stability of Language


    Sekinan Hills 
    Tokyo
    29 November 2024

    he Time of Language Ode to The Early Bourbaki To Grothendieck 2012-2014

    The Time of Language

    Ode to The Early Bourbaki To Grothendieck

    TANAKA Akio 

    In early 1970s, I had think of language from the side of mathematics, that level of mine is very low and primitive, moreover I never had any talent to mathematics.
    But my eager to trying the approach was going to overcome hard barriers before me. So the route had really fascinated my mind for long time.

    At that time I had read Chinese classics almost every day. WANG Guowei*, DUAN Yucai and WANG Yingzhi. They were giants on Chinese language historically and modernly.
    On the other hand I had thought of language generally, not defined by Chinese.
    But in front of the vast world of language, I had stood still lonely, not taking any method for approaching.
    Mathematics was the only gleam of hope in the wasteland.

    I never took the route of ordinary linguistics.
    I really dreamt a dream that time.
    There exists set theory before me.
    Probably there was the influence of Bourbaki**, that several translations to Japanese, shared from Tokyo Tosho Publisher, were on the desk of mine.
    My talent and endeavour were so low, so I had not any results at that time.
    My desire was deep but my hand was so shallow.
    The time passed by.

    In 1979 the meeting again with CHINO Eiichi*** made me the chance to learn on language, the object was clear and direct.
    Language universals by mathematics became the never-ending goal of the study hereafter.
    Sergej Karcevskij**** gave me the courage to the research.
    All the way to investigation were taught from CHINO, who was the genuine teacher on language.
    In mathematics I took the route from geometry, especially by projection.
    Now I stand at algebraic geometry.
    Grothendieck is in the northernmost at the end of Bourbaki.

    SAITO Takeshi said at the essay on Grothendieck***** that the object of mathematics for Bourbaki was the set of being attached by construction and the object of mathematics for Grothendieck was the object of category representing the presentable functor.
    The time has come for describing****** on language by mathematics despite my poor ability.
    Sincere thanks for the pioneers letting us make the fascinating route of modern mathematics.

    1. *WANG Guowei
    Encounter in life / A Letter /2005
    Influenced paper / On Time Property Inherent in Characters / 2003 , Quantum Theory for Language / 2004
    2. **Bourbaki
    SAITO Takeshi. Bourbaki, Mathematics Seminar, vol..41 no..4 487. Nihonhyoronsha, Tokyo, 2002.
    3.***CHINO Eiicji
    First met in 1969, again in 1979. Fortuitous Meeting
    4. ****Sergej Karcevskij
    Note on Karcevskij's theme. Note for KARCEVSKIJ Sergej's "Dudualisme asymetrique du signe linguistique"
    5. *****Grothendieck
    SAITO Takeshi. Grothendieck, Mathematics Seminar, vol..49 no..5 584. Nihonhyoronsha, Tokyo, 2010.
    6. ******describing
    Note on Grothendieck's theorem. Vector Bundle Model

    Tokyo
    January 10, 2012
    Sekinan Research Field of Language


    [Note, 28 October 2014]
    When I first learnt French in 1964, I was the second grade of high school. My aim to learning was to get the lowest readable situation for modern poems of French Symbolism represented by Arthur Rimbaud and Paul Verlaine. Afterwards in 1969 I knew the importance of Martinet's work at the linguistic class of university. Probably in the early 1970s, I bought Bourbaki's books at the old-book-shop at Kanda, Tokyo, when Bourbaki's fame reached to the poor-talented linguistic student like me. I was enchanted Bourbaki's works and I somehow would like to adopt their results to my linguistic study. But my mathematical level was too low to get near Bourbaki's world. From those days my wandering around mathematics and linguistics kept long long way like the Beatles song, The long and winding road. What I again met mathematics, especially algebraic algebra was already over the twentieth century. From 2003 I began to write papers being assisted with CHINO Eiichi's advice and Sergej Karcevskij's work. At that times Chinese Qing dynasty's vast linguistic works topically represented by WANG Guowei was also assisting my study. At the result my first satisfied paper,"On Time Property Inherent in Characters"1 was completed. The theme in my life, model making of  language universals was begun further later in 2008 at Zoho site sekinanlogos 3. At Complex Manifold Deformation Theory 4 I started writing more clearer descriptive papers by mathematics especially according to algebraic geometry. And now I step up one more and entered in arithmetic geometry 5 for solving more difficult themes such as dimension, synthesis and fusion of meaning in word.
    Refer to the next.

    The Time of WANG Guowei 2011

     

    The Time of WANG Guowei

    TANAKA Akio

    I learned the language study from CHINO Eiichi at Tokyo in 1970s.
    He taught me the Llinguistic Circle of Prague and the existance of KARCEVSKIJ Sergej.
    One day he admonished me not to study the hard problems such as language unversals that are the themes worked on by the geniuses like WITTGENSTEIN Ludwig.
    But I chose the theme probably by my youth.

    For long time I kept thinking on language universals being aided from KARCEVSKIJ’s paper, “Dusualisme asymétrique du signe linguistique“.
    I roamed the vast field of language wondering the streets of Tokyo.
    The time passed.
    CHINOI suddunly died by the fatal disease in 2002.

    I wrote the original note on language universals at Hakuba, Nagano in March 2003.
    The note were fundamental but conceptive.
    The title was ” On Time Property Inherent in Characters“.
    It was written on the written language of ancient Chinese characters inscribed on tortoise shells.
    WANG Guowei was the pioneer scholar on that field.

    I had liked his papers that were almost contained in his most important work, “Guantangjilin”.
    I bought the book Kanda, Tokyo in the earky 1970s.
    The bookshop name was “Haifeng Shudian”, that are now removed to Chiba Prefecture.
    Oh how many times I went to the shop and bought the Chinese classics.
    Qing Dynasty produced the linguistic scholars who almost all researched the Chinese characters for their scholastic basis.

    I also liked ZHANG Binglin, DUAN Yucai, WANG Niansun, WANG Yinzhi and so on.
    In my first note I quoted WANG Guowei and DUAN Yucai.
    They are the precursors of the study of language universals for the prime of life.
    The study was traditionally called “Small study” in China.
    But I coud not remain standing in the conceptive place influenced from Small study.

    The second note was “Quantum Theory for Language“, that were also written at Hakuba in August 2003.

    The third note was “Distance Theory“.
    In the early stage of my research, “distance” was one of the important concepts for language unversals.
    The concept was inevitably related with time and space.
    So I began to think the themes on Language universals based on mathematics that were another prime time theme of my youth.

    Tokyo
    20 December 2011
    Sekinan Research Field of Language

    The Time of Wittgenstein 2012

     The Time of Wittgenstein  


    TANAKA Akio 
                 
                             
    There surely exists the time of Wittgenstein for me.
    That time about in my age 30s, in the middle of 1970s.
    One may aware of the kernel of the problem after almost all the hardships were gone and the problem is going under pursuing in the daily work for oneself, as Wittgenstein wrote at 6.521 in TRACTATUS LOGICO-PHILOSOPHICUS.  

    Wittgenstein wrote on language immanently at least in TRACTATUS.
    He also said in TRACTATUS 6.432 that how world exists  does not care from the higher dimensions.
    I also wanted to write on language from the immanent side in language.
    But I had not any pursuing method for writing on language at that time, only remaining set theory typically presented by Bourbaki that some translations were surely on my desk.

    Set theory was enough fascinating at the time, but it did not give me any relative and constructive situations on language or widely on the world. It was isolated and non-relative for writing on language. I wanted the bond of the world. 

    Now I have geometry for which the world can be bonded enough tightly. In 1970s I was never aware of the existence of geometry by myself, probably not being influenced from Wittgenstein's 6.35 in TRACTATUSGeometry absolutely tell nothing on how the figure is and where the figure situated.

    So I had remain silently in the days not being able to write on the theme, the basic essence of language. Then I never knew the object on language, language universals that was taught from CHINO Eiichi later in 1980s. CHINO showed me the paper of Sergej Karcevskij, Du dualisme asymétrique du  singe linguistique. The theme determined my remain life hereafter. CHINO was the true teacher of my study. 

    Wittgenstein wrote at the last 6.54 of TRACTATUS that his some propositions must be abandoned. I began to go through the wood of hard theme of language universals by mathematics especially using geometry. About what can be told to, I never must be silent. 

    Reference
    Citation from Ludwig Wittgenstein


    Tokyo
    January 20, 2012
    Sekinan Research Field of Language

    The days when I was thinking on Energy Distance Theory 2014

     

    The days when I was thinking on Energy Distance Theory


    q.v. Energy and Distance in Language / 31 August 2008

    TANAKA Akio

    1.
    Around 2008, I was thinking on energy in language related with distance in language. Distance is one of the kernel themes of my study of language universals in those days. In simply saying, distance is the result of movement and for movement there must inevitably needs energy. So I had thought that if language have distance, there must be energy or its alike in language that is supposed in mathematical models. But in my ability in 2008, I could not develop the deep and wide range of language from the theme, energy and distance. So Energy Distance Theory was still now unfinished.
    1. Energy and Distance 
    2. Heat and Diffusion
    3. Energy and Functional
    4. Finsler Manifold and Distance 
    5. Word and Meaning Minimum 
    6. Geometry of Word

    2.
    In another approach of my study on language universals, Edward Sapir's Language, 1921 was one of my favourite books between 1970s and early 1980s. In his book, the most fantastic concept for me was Drift, that indicated the vast movement of language system itself.  I ever gave brief account on it.

    ...............................................................................................................................................................


    Edward Sapir's Language, 1921 showed me the dynamism of language proposing the concept, drift.
    Drift shows us the macro phase of natural language and I was hinted by Sapir's this concept and proposed the micro phase of natural language. The paper "Quantum Theory for Language" is my first total proposal paper describing the natural language's model.

    Reference
    Substatiality Dedicated SAPIR Edward / 27 February 2005

    Tokyo
    5 September 2014
    Sekinan Research Field of Language 

    ...............................................................................................................................................................

    3.
    My language study started from the reading of Old China's Qing dynasty's huge linguistic inheritance, "Xiaoxue", in English Small Study , that is contrary to the name, the most basic and difficult study of classical texts of old China. I particularly loved the books written by WANG Guowei and WANG Yinzhi and DUAN Yucai.
    The main book list to which I referred in those days between the age 20s and 40s are shown  at the next.


    Especially I was enchanted with WANG Guowei's work, whose selected papers' title wasGuantangjilin. For him I wrote a short essay as below.

    ...............................................................................................................................................................


    TANAKA Akio

    Guantangjilin is the selection of works by WANG Guowei, which contents contains vast area of history, literature and linguistics. Some people say that his works is a thousand-year peak from Song era’s philosopher SHU Xi. I bought his book at Haifeng shudian, Kanda, Tokyo in my mid 20s. The date  of colophon is February 1973, publisher is Zhonghua shuju Xianggang fenju.

    Probably I bought it in 1973 or 1974. In those days I frequently went Haifeng shudian bookshop for buying Chinese classics,  mainly Qing Dynasty’s linguistic works that is called ” Xiaoxue”, Small study at China. Guantangjilin is a very difficult book to understand  by my poor study result.

    His study era is from Yin Dynasty to Qing Dynasty some 2,500 years of Chinese literary history. At his vast works I was especially charmed in Qing Dynasty’s ancient Chinese hieroglyphic characters, Jiaguwenzi by Chinese. After 40 years, in 2003 I wrote a small paper on language universals through this  ancient Chinese hieroglyphic characters at the view point of written language.


    The title is On Time Property inherent in Characters. From at that time 10 years passed by. Now I am still learning on language universals but its style is far apart from the days 2003 or 1973. Ambiguity of approach by traditional linguistics is not for my part. I dare challenge to a new frontier of description for language study using mathematics or algebraic geometry.

    Refer to the next.
    Tokyo 16 November 2013
    Sekinan Research Field of Language

    ...............................................................................................................................................................

    4.
    After all,Energy Distance Theory ended in the half-finished situation. But now I still eager to write and develop the papers on energy and distance. The road is long and winding as ever. I always accustomed to delay and stagnate. Some rays of light is emitting in the small study room of mine.


    Tokyo
    19 December 2014
    Sekinan Essay

    Derived Category Language 2016

     Derived Category Language


    TANAKA Akio

    1. Bridge between mathematics and physics / Revised
    2. Kontsevich's conjecture Category theoretic mirror symmetry conjecture
    3. Derived Category Language 1
    4. Karcevskij conjecture 1928 and Kawamata conjecture 2002
    5. Additional meaning and embedding
    6. Derived Category Language 2
    7. Language stability and triangulated category
    8. Derived Category Language 3
    9. Stability of Language
    10. Duality of Language
    11. Essence of Language
    12. 
    The Days of Decipherment


    Read more: http://srfl-paper.webnode.com/news/derived-category-language1/

    Tokyo
    5 August 
    Sekinan Zoho

    von Neumann Algebra 1-4. 2015

    von Neumann Algebra  1-4


    TANAKA Akio

    .....................................................................................................................................................

    von Neumann Algebra 1
    Note
    1. Measure
    2. Tensor Product
    3. Compact Operator 

    von Neumann Algebra 2
    Note
    1. Generation Theorem

    von Neumann Algebra 3
    Note
    1. Properly Infinite
    2. Purely Infinite

    von Neumann Algebra 4
    Note
    1. Tomita's Fundamental Theorem
    2. Borchers' Theorem
    Conjecture
    1. Relation between Word and Sentence

    .....................................................................................................................................................


    Tokyo

    12 July 2015 Arranged
    Sekinan Study

    Ideogram and finite generative 2017

     

    Ideogram and finite generative

     
    ​Ideogram and finite generative

    ​TANAKA Akio

    1. Ideogram
    The 21st century will become the century of ideogram.
    The history of ideogram succeeds from Egyptian  hieroglyph to Chinese character.
    The reason is below.
    a. It is intuitively understandable.
    b. It sends big information.
    c. It is easy to manage for stability.

    2. Set theory
    Probably in summer 1977, I was  designing for a paper on the sentence in language. The central part of the paper was connection between words or sentence, in which the logic of  language would be shown using the set theory as a simplified model of true and false. I was strongly influenced from Kurt Godel, Gaishi Takeuchi and Bourbaki. But this design was abandoned for my lack of mathematical basis keeping on.

    3. Qing dynasty's linguistics
    In 1980s and 1990s I was lost in learning Chinese classical character theory, Xiaoxue, especially Qing dynasty for ideogram's fundamental property. At this period I did not write any paper on language. I solely read WANG Guowei, WANG Yinzhi, DUAN Yucai and Qing dynasty's linguists.

    4. Time property in characters
    In Autumn 2002 I got pneumonia and was hospitalized about 2 weeks, where I thought of 1970s' dream, writing clear description on language universals by mathematics. The theme was as hard as ever. So, at the bed I thought the basis of language from the side of Chinese character’s classical approach which had vast heritage till Qing dynasty. I directed my attention to the character's figure which had compound meanings containing time elements continuing from Yin dynasty's hieroglyphic characters left on bones and tortoise carapaces some 2400 years ago. I thought that Chinese characters had containing time and its structure could be written by geometric approach once I had abandoned for difficulty. After leaving hospital, I wrote a paper titled On Time Property Inherent in Characters.  

    5. Quantum elements in language
    In 2003 staying at Hakuba, Nagano, I wrote a rial paper on language universals from the viewpoint of physics. This was remained manuscript till now. The title was Manuscript of Quantum Theory for Language for the time being. Because in summer 2003 I wrote the first paper on language universals from physics titles as Quantum Theory for Language which was read at a conference held in winter  2003 of Nara Japan. 
    5. Finite generative
    Language probably begins finite elements and generates its world responding to outer world. I learned the concept of finite generative from von Neumann Algebra at around 2006 and 2007. 

    Manuscript of Quantum Theory for Language with Preface, Note and Note 2 2003-2018. Translated by Google 2022


     

    Manuscript of Quantum Theory for Language with Preface, Note and Note 2 2003-2018. Original Edition by Japanese






    From Author:
    Google Translation has several ambiguous expressions by its automatism.
    For preciseness, please refer to the original Japanese text if being possible.



    Manuscript of Quantum Theory for Language

    TANAKA Akio


    Preface

    The "Quantum Theory of Language" shown below is a draft of the Quantum Theory for Language written in English, and was written at the Hakuba Alps Hotel in Hakuba, Nagano Prefecture in March 2003. This is the first time to announce. What I haven't published so far is that this draft was written in a hotel room with no material at all in a very short time, so its content is very intuitive and different from the usual discussion. Because it was quite radical for me. Moreover, the discussion ends halfway and remains unfinished. In the Quantum Theory for Language, which was written based on this draft for presentation at a symposium in December 2003, the purpose of the discussion is almost consistent, but the memory that made the expression more gentle is still clear. And remain. But now, when I read this draft back, the intuition and sharpness I was concerned about in 2003 was still deeply rooted in the essence of my linguistic theory, and it was almost a decade of mathematical linguistics. Looking back through the description, I have reaffirmed that some of the most important subjects I still have left to write are mostly those described in this draft. Quantization of language, appearance and disappearance of quantum, junction and hierarchy of quantum, quantum aggregate, progression and hierarchy of quantum group, positive quantum and negative quantum, meaning and energy of quantum. Both remain unknown and fascinating to me. In the future, I will return to the position of this draft again and spin my own thoughts again. Now that I am old, the essence precedes the form, and I will describe what I want to express most in the way that is most suitable for me. If some time is still left. The phrase that my teacher taught me when I was 20 is still alive. To the point where I'm about to fall into Yukimi. It will be written in Tokyo on March 23, 2015.

    Tokyo
    23 March 2015
    Sekinan Library 



    Quantum theory of language


    0 Introduction  Chinese, the main language in China, has a history of more than 2000 years of written language, that is, written language. "The Analects", which represents the Chinese classics, is a textual material left in modern times, but at the same time, it is said to strongly include the oral language at the time of compiling the book. (Kojiro Yoshikawa 1967) Here, I will try to analyze the language, which is related to both the written language (words) and the oral language (white story), mainly based on the example of "The Analects".  

    1 In Chinese, which is classified as an isolated language in the typology of one language, one syllable has one meaning and one character, that is, Chinese character in principle.  Although syllables may form new meanings in succession, each syllable always possesses the original independent meaning and letters without modification, which basically modifies the inherent rules of language of Chinese. It has been retained throughout the long history without any syllables.  It is assumed that the grammatical function of Chinese is formed by the arrangement of each word, that is, the word order, without any pronunciation or external change of letters, but the internal principle of the word order, that is, the syntax, is still sufficient. It cannot be said that we have seen the clarification.  Here, "Theory", which is said to include both wording and white tales, is adopted for the Chinese language model, and the linguistic rules inherent in Chinese and the linguistic structure inherent in general languages are analyzed mainly by the approach of literary theory. It is something to try. Traditionally, the syntax of Chinese has been classified into two categories: syntactic expletive and syntactic expletive. The syntactic expletive is said to have a substantive meaning, while the syntactic expletive is used to complement the meaning possessed by the expletive. For example, in the first passage of "The Analects", "Gakusei Toki Noriyuki, Unexpletive Theory" (Sentence Example 1), "Study", "Time", "Xi", "Yuki", and "Theory" are generally mentioned. It is an expletive, and "meta", "non", and "乎" are syntactics. Here, one Chinese character that possesses one meaning is regarded as a language quantum having one meaning unit, and is assumed to be the smallest unit of the language. What has traditionally been categorized as a linguistic quantum usually has one unit of positive quantum. What has been syntactic expletive usually has one unit of negative quantum. One positive quantum is referred to as ℓ +, and one negative quantum is referred to as ℓ-. A one-positive quantum has kinetic propulsion energy and has the power to move the quantum forward. A negative quantum has kinetic absorption energy and has the power to absorb the motion of the quantum and stop or change it. A one-positive quantum stops or changes its own motion by joining to a one-negative quantum. According to Example 1 "Gakusei Tokiyuki, Fukui Theory", "Gaku" is changed by "Mitsu", and "Theory" is changed by "Fu", "Yu" and "Kou". The movement was changed and finally stopped. The kinetic energy of a positive quantum is usually always progressive and does not stop its motion until it joins a negative quantum. The motion absorption energy of the negative quantum usually has functions such as "pause", "direction change", and "stop". According to sentence example 1, "meta" is "pause", "non" and "亦" are "direction change", and "乎" is functioning as "stop". In summary, the quantum is the smallest unit of language with meaning and energy. 

    2 Appearance and extinction of quantum Quantum appears when a new meaning is requested to appear in the linguistic world. The request is made when a new meaning is needed to be added to the linguistic world. The relationship between utterances and letters in a language is generally preceded by utterances, but in languages such as Chinese where one syllable has one meaning, the letters that follow are imaginary along with the act of utterance. It would be possible to assume that it was requested as a form. That is, one meaning requires one specific form of identification. This act is natural as a human activity. Linguistic quanta emerge to add new meaning to the linguistic world. The energy possessed by the quantum is to add its new meaning to the linguistic world, and is inseparably combined with the new meaning. Quantum disappears when its meaning is no longer needed in the linguistic world. In sentence example 1, "non" originally meant "flower pistil ovary", but its true meaning disappeared early, and it only functioned in the linguistic world as an expletive meaning "cancellation". rice field. As indicated by this "non", syntactic expletives and syntactic expletsives are not clearly distinguished in Chinese, and mutual entry and conversion have been carried out constantly. That is, as mentioned above, quanta initially appeared to give new meaning to the linguistic world. Initially a positive quantum, the true word ends its role of giving meaning to the linguistic world, and its kinetic energy disappears. However, the traces of the formation and modification of the linguistic world by the kinetic energy of other quanta continue to receive motion or pressure from other quanta, and are given negative energy as quanta that accept the motion and survive in the linguistic world. Suppose you have something to do. In this way, negative quanta appear. Since the negative quantum that appears has negative energy, it absorbs the energy of the positive quantum and stops or changes its motion.

    3 Quantum junctions and layers Two or more quanta join each other to form a new structure. According to sentence example 1 "Gakusei Tokiyuki, Confidential Theory", the quantum junction is as follows. <ℓ + ℓ-ℓ + ℓ + ℓ + ℓ-ℓ-ℓ + ℓ-> Here, the positive quantum moves the meaning to the next quantum. Negative quanta absorb, stop or change the kinetic energy of the previous quantum. It is clear that "meta" and "乎" act as negative quanta to "stop" the structure, that is, the sentence, but the two negative quanta "non" and "亦" are the motions of the quantum. Suppose it is acting as a "change" of. According to traditional grammar, "non" and "亦" complement the meaning of "theory", but in this quantum theory, the back quantum receives the energy of the front quantum, so in the conventional explanation Cannot be processed. Here, "change" is to change the direction of the motion of the previous quantum. In this way, the motion of one positive quantum is transferred to another orbit. That is, positive quanta move in one orbit, but some "changed" negative quanta move that orbit to another, creating a new semantic structure. The trajectory is assumed to be a high-rise building with several floors as a model. Move from the "learn and sometimes learn" floor to another different floor. Here, "non" moves to the floor that denies "learning and sometimes learning", and "亦" moves this "learning and sometimes learning" to the floor of new possibilities. "乎" moves to the floor that casts doubt on this situation. This series of situations is modeled and illustrated.

    Gaku ↓ Metanori ↓     Un       ↓ 亦 Theory          ↓ 乎

    The famous passage of "The Analects", "Aritomo Jifurai" (The example is illustrated as follows. Ariho   ↓ Jigen 4 Quantum and quantum aggregate code Chemical  quanta first appear as positive and their disappearance causes negative. Negative quanta are non-compressive quanta because they are meaningless in the group of positive quanta, so to speak, the semantic space once acquired as positive quanta. It is in a state of constant compression. It is assumed that the energy that is pushed out by the pump is stored in the negative quantum, and the orbit of the positive quantum is changed to move it to a different layer.  Therefore, according to this quantum theory . For example, all the kanji of the Chinese language, that is, the quantum having meaning and energy, can be encoded as follows. Quantum  // Meaning ℓ Positive energy → Negative energy ↓ The coding of "quantum" is as follows. / ℓ → /   / ℓ ↓ / / ℓ → / / ℓ → / / ℓ → /            / ℓ ↓ /              / ℓ ↓ / / ℓ → /                 / ℓ ↓ / Here, if / ℓ → / is represented by the number 1 and / ℓ ↓ / is represented by the number 0, "Gakusei Tokiyuki, Fukui Theory" can be digitized as 101110010.Therefore, it can be said that the sentence example 1 "Gakusei Tokiyuki, Fukui Theory" is the structure of the linguistic quantum of [Progress 5, Layer 4]. This is referred to as [move5, class4].Since "Aritomo self-distant coming" in sentence example 2 is

    Ariho  ↓ self-distant coming

    , it is coded as / ℓ

    → / / ℓ → /     / ℓ ↓ / / ℓ → / / ℓ → / / ℓ → / , and further. It is digitized as 110111 . Its structure is [move5, class1]. Another example is a sentence from "The Analects". "Three-year unrevised father's road, so-called filial piety" (Example 3) / ℓ → / / ℓ → / / ℓ → / / ℓ → /            / ℓ ↓ / / ℓ → /                / ℓ ↓ / / ℓ → / / ℓ ↓ / / ℓ → / / ℓ → / / ℓ ↓ / 111101010110 [move8, class5] 5 Progress in  quantum group and hierarchy See the degree of progress in one hierarchy in a sentence that is a quantum group. In sentence example 1, 5/4 is 0.8 degrees. In sentence example 2, 5 times is 5 degrees. In sentence example 3, 8/5 is 1.6 degrees. Here, we will consider what kind of index the one-level progress frequency is.

    The degree of progress 1 is the ratio of syntactic expletive 1 to actual word 1 in the wording, and can be considered to be the clearest sentence in which one meaning exists in one layer.Therefore, when the degree of progress is 1 or more, there are two or more meanings in one layer, and one meaning is defined in detail and a finer meaning is presented.On the contrary, when the degree of progress is less than 1, one meaning is not presented in one layer, and the meaning is completed only by two or more layers, which is a supplementary meaning around one meaning. By adding the content, a more constructive meaning is established. Sentence example 1 is a 0.8 frequency sentence with a supplementary meaning added. Sentence example 2 is a 5th frequency, which is a sentence with a fine meaning. Sentence example 3 is 1.6 degrees, which is a sentence with almost standard or slightly finer rules.

    6 Basic Principles of Quantum Theory Quantum theory is based on the fact that positive quanta, which is traditionally regarded as a real word, progresses in one layer. Therefore, in a certain quantum group, that is, a sentence, when a negative quantum is at the beginning, it can be considered that the positive quantum or the quantum group is omitted before it.It is said that the negative quantum changes the traveling direction of the positive quantum and shifts to a new hierarchy due to the compression energy received by the negative quantum, but it can be explained more accurately as follows.The meaning of "ya", which is generally regarded as an expletive, is unclear in modern times, and it can be considered that it has almost disappeared as a positive quantum. Instead, the syntactic expletive function as a negative quantum has emerged and continues to the present day, but if the function is subdivided, it is extremely diverse, such as assertion, subject presentation, call, mourning, question, and irony.For example, in "Kaiya Foolishness" ("The Analects"), the person "Kai" is denied (and the hierarchy changes) in the heart of Confucius (the hierarchy changes). (The hierarchy changes) "The kind of confucius" is presented. "The hierarchy changes" means that the person "time" was transformed from a real person to a consideration object in Confucius's mind by the appearance of "ya", and the consideration object is " It means that it is erased by "impairment", and it means that a new concept of "foolishness" appears.That is, the negative quantum does not have a direct meaning to the linguistic world that the positive quantum has, but it is a kind of vacuum weightlessness by guiding the positive quantum to its own region that is no longer blank as a matter of fact. It is assumed that the state is brought to life and its orientation is changed. It is assumed that the energy required for the conversion comes from the energy of the pressure applied to the area. 

    7 Meaning of Negative Quantum The meaning of a negative quantum is often much more subtle than the meaning of a positive quantum, as is clear from the above-mentioned classification of the meaning of "ya". How can these meanings be considered to have emerged? It was assumed that the negative quantum extinguished its function as a real word and had a kind of vacuum region, but once the meaning of assertion was established here, the meaning of the positive quantum that was previously joined to this "ya" , The vacuum region will show a constant reaction. For example, when a person's name such as "time" is joined before, "ya" functions as a subject presentation, which is a transformation of affirmative semantic function.

    8 Energy of negative quanta It has already been described in "2 Appearance and disappearance of quanta" that the energy of positive quanta is given to add a new meaning to the linguistic world, but here there is a negative quantum.


    --------------------------------------------------------

    Note
    22 December 2017

    This manuscript was written at a hotel of Hakuba, Nagano, Japan in March 2003, where my family stayed for hot spring and ski. In autumn 2002, I thought of relationship between time and characters inspired by WANG Guowei's paper written on old Chinese character's studies, one of which he declared that character heng 亙 was imaged from a ship coming and going the banks. This character contained the notation of the continuous time of ship operation between the banks.But if character contain the time going, character seemed to have any existence of inherent energy in it.

    Note 229 June 2018Definition of quantum in this manuscript was intuitive while in my mind there was rather precise image that was not able to write by mathematical approach in the days of 2003.Now the situation has been changed drastically through development of  quantum group. Particularly from the Drinfeld's speech at the international mathematician conference in 1984.I wrote the simple trial paper on quantum group in 2008.Kac-Moody Lie Algebra Note 2 Quantum Group2008Papers related on the pre-thought on quantum group is seen at SRFL Lab.SRFL Lab's Preparatory paper 

    Inherent energy in language has been become a little updated after writing in 2003.Now arranged at the next.

    --------------------------------------------------------

    Energy

    1. Potential of Language  2009
    2. The days when I was thinking on Energy Distance Theory   2014
    3. Preparation for the energy of language  2015

    Tokyo
    20 June 2018
    Sekinan Zoho
     

    --------------------------------------------------------

    Tokyo

    29 June 2018

    SRFL Lab

    Read more: https://srfl-lab.webnode.com/news/manuscript-of-quantum-theory-for-language-with-preface-note-and-note-2-2003-2018/



     

    Manuscript of Quantum Theory for Language with Preface, Note and Note 2 2003-2018. The original Japanese Edition.


    Manuscript of Quantum Theory for Language

    TANAKA Akio

    Preface以下に示す「言語の量子理論」は、英文で書かれたQuantum Theory for Language の草稿となるもので、2003年3月に長野県白馬の白馬アルプスホテルで書かれたものである。発表するのは今回が初めてである。いままで発表しなかったのは、この草稿がまったく資料のないホテルの部屋できわめて短時間のうちに書かれたものであり、そのためその内容が非常に直感的で、通常の論考とは異なる、私にとってはかなり先鋭的なものであったためである。しかも論考は途中で終わり未完のままである。2003年12月に或るシンポジウムで発表するためにこの草稿をもとに書き上げたQuantum Theory for Languageでは、論考の趣旨はほぼ一貫しながらもその表現をより穏やかなものにした記憶がいまもはっきりと残っている。しかし現在この草稿を読み返してみると、私が2003年当時気にした直感性や先鋭さは、やはり私の言語論の本質に深く根ざしたものであり、ほぼ十年におよぶ言語に関する数学的な記述を経て振り返ると、私が今なお書き残しているもっとも重要ないくつかの主題は、ほぼこの草稿に記されたものであることを私はあらためて確認するに至っている。言語の量子化、量子の出現と消滅、量子の接合と階層、量子集合体、量子群の進行と階層、陽性量子と陰性量子、量子の意味とエネルギー。いずれも私にとって、依然として未知であり魅惑的であり続ける。今後私はふたたびこの草稿の位置にもどり、あらためてみずからの思考を紡いてゆくことになるであろう。老年の今となっては、本質は形態に先行し、もっとも表現したいものを、私にとってそれにもっともふさわしい方法で記述してゆくこととなるであろう。いくばくかの時間がなお残されているのであればだが。二十歳のころ恩師が教えてくれた句は今もそのまま生きている。いざゆかん雪見にころぶところまで。2015年3月23日、東京にて記す。

    Tokyo
    23 March 2015
    Sekinan Library  

    --------------------------------------------------------


    言語の量子理論


    0 はじめに  中国における主要な言語である漢語には2000年を超える記載言語すなわち文字言語の歴史がある。 中国古典を代表する『論語』は、現代に残された文字資料であるが、同時に同書編纂当時の口頭言語を強く含んでいるとされる。(吉川幸次郎 1967年) ここでは、おもに『論語』の文例によりながら、記載言語(文言)と口頭言語(白話)の両面にかかわる、言語の分析を試みる。

    1 言語の量子化 言語類型論で孤立語に分類される漢語、いわゆる中国語は、原理的には一つの音節が一つの意味と一つの文字すなわち漢字を持つ。 音節が連続して新しい意味を形成することはあるが、それぞれの音節は常に本来の独立した意味と文字を改変することなく所持することによって、漢語の内在する言語規則基本的にはほとんど改変することなく、長い歴史時代を通して保持してきた。 漢語の文法的機能が、発音や文字の外形的変化を一切行わなず、一語一語の配列すなわち語順によって、形成されるとするが、その語順すなわち統語法の内在原理は、いまだ十分な解明をみたとはいえない。 ここでは文言と白話をともに含むとされる『論語』を漢語の言語モデルついて採用し、主に文字論的な接近によって、漢語に内在する言語法則ひいては一般的な言語に内在する言語構造を分析しようとするものである。 漢語の統語法については、伝統的に実辞と虚辞の2分類によってなされてきた。実辞は実質的な意味を所有するのに対し、虚辞は実辞が所有する意味を補完するために用いられるとされる。 たとえば、『論語』巻頭の一節、「学而時習之、不亦説乎」(文例1)にあっては、一般的には「学」「時」「習」「之」「説」が実辞であり、「而」「不」「乎」が虚辞である。 ここで、一つの意味を所有する漢字一字を、一意味単位を有する言語量子とし、言語の最小単位と仮定する。 伝統的に実辞とされてきたものは、言語量子として通常、一単位の陽性量子を有するとする。虚辞とされてきたものは、通常、一単位の陰性量子を有するとする。一陽性量子をℓ+、一陰性量子をℓ-と表記することとする。 一陽性量子は、運動推進エネルギーを有し、量子を前方に移動させようとする力を持つ。一陰性量子は、運動吸収エネルギーを有し、量子の運動を吸収し停止あるいは変更させる力を持つ。一陽性量子は、一陰性量子に接合することによって、自らの運動を停止あるいは変更させる。 文例1「学而時習之、不亦説乎」によれば、「学」は「而」によって、その運動を変更され、「説」は「不」「亦」および「乎」によって、その運動を変更され最終的に停止されている。 陽性量子の運動エネルギーは、通常、常時進行性であり、陰性量子に接合するまで、その運動を停止しない。 陰性量子の運動吸収エネルギーは、通常、「一時停止」「方向変更」「停止」等の機能を有する。 文例1によれば、「而」は「一時停止」、「不」「亦」は「方向変更」であり、「乎」は「停止」として機能している。 まとめるならば、量子は意味とエネルギーを有する言語の最小単位である。 

    2 量子の出現と消滅 量子は、新しい意味が言語世界へと出現要請されることによって、出現する。要請は言語世界への新しい意味の付加が必要とされたときになされるものである。言語における発話と文字との関係は、発話の先行が一般的であるが、漢語のように、一つの音節が一つの意味を有する言語においては、後出する文字は、発話行為とともに想像上の形態として要請されていたと仮定することも可能であろう。すなわち一つの意味が一つの具体的な識別形態を要請しているのである。この行為は人間の営為として自然なものである。 言語量子は、言語世界への新しい意味を付加するために、出現する。量子が有するエネルギーは、その新しい意味を言語世界に付加するためのものであり、新しい意味と不可分に結合したものである。 量子は、その意味が言語世界に不要となったときに消滅する。文例1において「不」は本来は「花のめしべの子房」を意味したが、その実辞としての意味は早くに消滅に、「打ち消し」を意味する虚辞としたのみ、言語世界に機能してきた。 この「不」で示されたように、実辞と虚辞は漢語において、明瞭に区別されたものではなく、相互の乗り入れや変換が不断に行われてきた。すなわち、上述したように、量子は、当初、言語世界への新しい意味付与のために出現したものである。 当初は陽性量子であった実辞は、言語世界への意味付与の役割を終えるとともに、その運動エネルギーも消滅する。しかし他の量子の運動エネルギーによって、言語世界が構成され改変された痕跡は、他の量子から運動あるいは圧迫を受け続け、運動を受容する量子として、負のエネルギーを付与されて、言語世界に存続することがあると仮定する。こうして陰性量子が出現する。 出現した陰性量子は負のエネルギーを有するため、陽性量子のエネルギーを吸収し、その運動を停止または変更させることとなる。

    3 量子の接合と階層 二つ以上の量子は、互いに接合することによって、新しい構造体を形成する。 文例1「学而時習之、不亦説乎」によれば、量子の接合は以下のようになる。 < ℓ+ ℓ- ℓ+ ℓ+ ℓ+ ℓ- ℓ- ℓ+ ℓ-> ここで、陽性量子は、次の量子まで意味を移動させる。陰性量子は、前の量子の運動エネルギーを吸収し、停止または変更させる。 「而」と「乎」が陰性量子として、構造体すなわち文を「停止」させる機能を働かせていることは明瞭であるが、「不」と「亦」の二つの陰性量子は、量子の運動の「変更」として機能していると仮定する。 伝統的な文法によれば、「不」と「亦」は「説」の意味を補完するとされるが、この量子理論では、後ろの量子は前の量子のエネルギーを受け止めるため、従来の説明では処理できない。 ここで「変更」とは、前の量子の運動の方向を変えさせることである。こうして一つの陽性量子は、その運動が別の軌道に移されることとなる。すなわち、陽性量子はある一つの軌道上で運動をおこなうが、ある種の「変更」陰性量子はその軌道を別の軌道に移し、新しい意味構造体を創出する。 その軌道は、モデル的には、数階建ての高層建築が想定される。「学んで時に之を習う」という階から、他の異なった階へと移動させる。 ここで「不」は「学んで時に之を習う」ことを否定する階へ移し、「亦」はこの「学んで時に之を習う」ことを新しい可能性の階へと移動させる。「乎」はこの状況に疑問を投げかける階へと移動させる。 この一連の状況をモデル化して図示する。

    学 ↓而習之     ↓不       ↓亦説          ↓乎

    『論語』の有名な一節、「有朋自遠方来」(文例は以下のように図示される。 有朋   ↓自遠方来 

    4 量子と量子集合体の符号化 量子は初め陽性として出現し、その消滅によって陰性を生じる。陰性量子は陽性量子の群にあっては、無意味であるために非圧迫量子であり、陽性量子としてかつて獲得した意味空間をいわば不断に圧縮され続ける状態にある。こうしてポンプで押し出されるようなエネルギーが陰性量子に蓄えられ、陽性量子の軌道を変更して異なる階層へ移動させることとなると仮定する。 したがって、この量子理論によれば、漢語のすべての漢字、すなわち意味とエネルギーを有する量子は、次のように符号化することができる。 量子 / / 意味 ℓ 陽性エネルギー  → 陰性エネルギー  ↓

     文例1の「学而時習之、不亦説乎」の符号化は以下のようになる。

    /ℓ→/   /ℓ↓/ /ℓ→/ /ℓ→/ /ℓ→/           /ℓ↓/             /ℓ↓/ /ℓ→/                /ℓ↓/ここで/ℓ→/を数字の1で、/ℓ↓/を数字の0で表すと、「学而時習之、不亦説乎」は101110010と数字化できる。したがって文例1の「学而時習之、不亦説乎」は[進行5,階層4]の言語量子の構造体であるということができる。これを[move5,class4]と表記する。文例2の「有朋自遠方来」は

    有朋  ↓自遠方来

    であるから、

    /ℓ→/ /ℓ→/     /ℓ↓/ /ℓ→/ /ℓ→/ /ℓ→/

    と符号化され、さらに、

    110111

    と数字化される。その構造は[move5,class1]である。

    もう一例『論語』から文例をとる。

    「三年無改於父之道、可謂孝矣」(文例3)

    /ℓ→/ /ℓ→/ /ℓ→/ /ℓ→/           /ℓ↓/ /ℓ→/               /ℓ↓/ /ℓ→//ℓ↓/ / ℓ→/ /ℓ→/ /ℓ↓/

    111101010110   [move8,class5]

    5 量子群における進行と階層 量子群である文における、一階層における進行度数を見る。文例1では、4分の5で0.8度数。文例2では、1分の5で5度数。文例3では5分の8で1.6度数となる。ここで、一階層進行度数がどのような指標となるかを考察する。進行度数1とは、文言にあっては、実辞1に対して虚辞1の割合であり、1階層に1意味が存在する最も明瞭な文と考えることができる。したがって進行度数が1以上となると、1階層に2つ以上の意味が存在することなり、一つの意味を細かく規定してより微細な意味を提示することとなる。これとは逆に進行度数が1未満となると、1階層において、一つの意味を提示することがなく、2階層以上によって初めて意味の完結をみることとなり、一つの意味の周囲に補足的な意味内容が付加されることによってより構成的な意味が成立することとなる。 文例1は0.8度数であり、補足的意味が付加された文である。文例2は5度数であり、微細な意味が規定された文である。文例3は1.6度数であり、ほぼ標準的かやや微細な規定が加わった文である。

    6 量子理論の基本原理 量子理論は、伝統的には実辞とされる陽性量子が1階層で進行することが基本である。したがってある種の量子群すなわち文において、陰性量子が冒頭に立つときには、その前に陽性量子または量子群が省略されたと考えることができる。陰性量子が陽性量子の進行方向に変化を与えて、新しい階層に移行させることは、陰性量子が受けている被圧迫エネルギーによるとしたが、より正確には、以下のように説明できる。一般に断定の虚辞とされる「也」は、その実辞としての意味は現代においては不分明であり、陽性量子としてはほぼ消滅したと考えることができる。その代わりに陰性量子としての虚辞機能が台頭して現在に至るが、その機能を細分すれば、断定、主題提示、呼びかけ、詠嘆、疑問、反語等の極めて多様である。たとえば、「回也不愚」(『論語』為政篇)においては、「回」という人物が、(階層が変わり)孔子の心中において、(また階層が変わり)否定される存在であり、(さらに階層が変わり)「おろかものの類」が提示される。」「階層が変わる」ということは、「回」という人物が、「也」と出現によって実在の人物から、孔子の心中における考察対象へと変換されたことを意味し、さらにその考察対象が「不」によって抹消されることを意味し、さらに新しく「愚」という概念が登場することを意味する。すなわち陰性量子は、陽性量子が有する言語世界への直接的な意味を行うのではなく、実辞としてはもはや空白となった自らの領域へ、陽性量子を導くjことによって、一種の真空無重力の状態を現前させ、その方位を転換することであると仮定する。その転換に必要とされるエネルギーは、領域が受けている被圧迫のエネルギーから生ずるものと仮定する。 

    7 陰性量子の意味 陰性量子が有する意味は、上述した「也」の意味分類でも明瞭なように、陽性量子の意味よりはるかに精妙な場合が多い。これらの意味はどのようにして出現したと考えることができるか。 陰性量子が実辞としての機能を消滅させ、一種の真空領域を有していると仮定したが、ここにひとたび断定という意味が成立すると、この「也」に前から接合する陽性量子の意味によって、その真空領域は一定の反応を示すようになる。たとえば「回」のような人名が前に接合すると、「也」は断定的な意味機能の一変容である主題提示として機能することとなる。

    8 陰性量子のエネルギー 陽性量子のエネルギーは、新しい意味を言語世界に付加するために与えられたものであることは、すでに「2 量子の出現と消滅」において記述したが、ここでは陰性量子が有するエネルギーについて詳述する。


    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Note
    22 December 2017

    This manuscript was written at a hotel of Hakuba, Nagano, Japan in March 2003, where my family stayed for hot spring and ski. In autumn 2002, I thought of relationship between time and characters inspired by WANG Guowei's paper written on old Chinese character's studies, one of which he declared that character heng 亙 was imaged from a ship coming and going the banks. This character contained the notation of the continuous time of ship operation between the banks.But if character contain the time going, character seemed to have any existence of inherent energy in it.

    Note 229 June 2018Definition of quantum in this manuscript was intuitive while in my mind there was rather precise image that was not able to write by mathematical approach in the days of 2003.Now the situation has been changed drastically through development of quantum group. Particularly from the Drinfeld's speech at the international mathematician conference in 1984.I wrote the simple trial paper on quantum group in 2008.Kac-Moody Lie Algebra Note 2 Quantum Group 2008Papers related on the pre-thought on quantum group is seen at SRFL Lab.SRFL Lab's Preparatory paperInherent energy in language has been become a little updated after writing in 2003.Now arranged at the next.

    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Energy

    1. Potential of Language  2009
    2. The days when I was thinking on Energy Distance Theory   2014
    3. Preparation for the energy of language  2015

    Tokyo
    20 June 2018
    Sekinan Zoho
     

    -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------


    Tokyo
    29 June 2018
    SRFL Lab